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AIM: To analyze the stability of different concentrations of fluorescein sodium solution on the detection of tear break-up time(TBUT).METHODS:A retrospective study. A total of 150 cases(150 eyes)who came to our dry eye clinic with good cooperation from August 2019 to September 2021 were selected for the study, and the subjects were randomly divided into five groups, which were fluorescein sodium(FLS, 0.5%), FLS(1.0%), FLS(1.5%), FLS(2.0%)and fluorescein sodium parallel(FLSP), with 30 patients in each group(all the right eyes were the subject eyes). Each group was dripped with the corresponding fluorescein sodium. The FLSP group was the fluorescent test strip detection group. The slit lamp image scores of different concentration groups were compared, the survival time of sodium fluorescein at the instant, 2, 5, 10, 15 and 30min points was observed in each group, and the mean value of TBUT in each group was recorded.RESULTS: The image score of FLS(0.5%)group was significantly higher than that of the other four groups(t=7.746, 21.483, 116.190, 38.730, all P<0.01). The image score of FLS(1.0%)group was significantly higher than that of FLS(1.5%)and FLS(2.0%)group(t=10.742, 15.492, all P<0.01). The survival time of fluorescein in FLS(0.5%)group was significantly shorter than that of the other four groups(t=8.226, 7.458, 9.159, 12.347, all P<0.01). The survival time of fluorescein in FLS(1.5%)group was significantly longer than that of FLS(1.0%)and FLS(2.0%)group(t=15.428, 13.274, all P<0.05). TBUT in FLS(0.5%)group was significantly higher than that of the other four groups at 2min(t=22.767, 22.345, 15.494, 17.213, all P<0.01), and was significantly lower than that of the other four groups at 10min(t=23.266, 25.353, 10.183, 22.025, all P<0.01). The mean first TBUT of FLS(1.5%)group was significantly shorter than that of the other four groups(t=25.236, 21.374, 19.658, 72.341, all P<0.01), and the mean first TBUT of FLSP group was significantly longer than that of the other four groups(t=22.487, 30.267, 60.247, 40.857, all P<0.01). There was no significant correlation between TBUT and ocular surface disease index(OSDI)and tear river height(rs=-0.072, 0.219, P=0.689, 0.112). TBUT was positively correlated with tear secretion(rs=0.674, P<0.01).CONCLUSION: FLS(0.5%)had higher image quality but it was only suitable for observing staining within 5min, and the FLSP group was more suitable for clinical observation of corneal fluorescence staining for a longer period; FLS(1.5%)was the most stable and reliable concentration and dose for the detection of TBUT.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>It is necessary to compensate the system latencies in real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy by prediction. However, due to the irregularities of respiratory motions, the results obtained with traditional methods were not acceptable. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of nonparametric regression model in respiratory motion prediction.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The data of respiratory trajectory of 11 volunteers were obtained and predicted based on nonparametric regression method. The results were compared with those of autoregressive model and back propagation neural network. An improved method was proposed to deal with the abnormal state in respiration. We combined the prediction method with the tracking system to test its performance in practical application.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The results indicated that the proposed method could predict the motion accurately in real-time for different latencies. This method decreased the error of the abnormal state substantially and also allowed effective prediction of respiration motion when combined with the tracking system.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The nonparametric regression model can predict the respiratory motion accurately in real-time and therefore meets the requirement of real-time tumor-tracking radiotherapy.</p>
Subject(s)
Humans , Forecasting , Models, Theoretical , Movement , Neoplasms , Radiotherapy , Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted , Methods , Regression Analysis , RespirationABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2 in rats and pigs.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>The silicosis models in rats and pigs were established by non-exposure method. The pathologic changes in lung tissues of rats and pigs were observed with HE staining under a light microscopy and under a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the expression of cytokines was detected by immunohistochemistry.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>(1) The main pathologic changes of silicosis models in rats and pigs included: in 7 ∼ 15 days after treatment, silica dusts, dust cells, a lot of macrophages, lung epithelial cells, a few neutrophils, macrophage alveolar inflammation and nodules of stage I were found in alveolar space; in 30 ∼ 90 days after treatment, many nodules of stage I-III or IV with lymphocytes infiltration were observed in respiratory bronchioles, alveoli, interlobular septa, the subpleural and around blood vessels and bronchi. (2) The expression levels of CK protein, SP-A protein, CD68, b-FGF, TNF-α, IL-6, TGF-β1, NFKappa/P50, Kappa/P65 and VEGF reduced with exposure time, but still were higher than those of the control. (3) The shed alveolar type I cells, proliferation of alveolar type II cells or macrophages and activated cellular function induced by silica were observed under TEM.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The development of pulmonary fibrosis in silicosis models corresponded with the process from macrophages alveolar inflammation to pulmonary fibrosis.</p>
Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Male , Rats , Cytokines , Metabolism , Disease Models, Animal , Epithelial Cells , Metabolism , Lung , Cell Biology , Pathology , Macrophages, Alveolar , Metabolism , Neutrophils , Metabolism , Rats, Sprague-Dawley , Silicosis , Pathology , SwineABSTRACT
Objective To measure the levels of serum transferrin receptors (sTfR) and serum ferritin (SF) in children with hemoglobin H disease for investigation the iron metabolism(sideropenic or iron overload) and to guide the proper intervention.To get a best index of judging the iron overload in HbH children by analysis of the values of sTfR and sTfR/lgSF.Methods Peripheral blood specimens were obtained from 50 cases of HbH children and 30 cases of healthy normal controls,the levels of sTfR and SF were examined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA).The diagnosis efficiency of sTfR and sTfR/lgSF in HbH children′s iron metabolism was judged by receiver operator cha-racteristic (ROC) curve analysis.Results The level of sTfR in HbH group was (6.74?1.02) mg?L-1,which was significantly lower than that in healthy control group[(8.09?0.67) mg?L-1](P
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This paper present a microcontroller system for target controlled infusion according to pharmacodynamic parameters of intravenous anesthetics. It can control the depth of anesthesia by adjusting the level of plasma concentrations. The system has the advantages of high precision, extended function and easy operation. It has been now used in the clinical anesthesia.
Subject(s)
Humans , Algorithms , Anesthesia, Intravenous , Methods , Anesthetics, Intravenous , Pharmacokinetics , Computer Systems , Infusions, Intravenous , Microcomputers , Software DesignABSTRACT
Objective: To clone hGLP-1 cDNA in the pBS SK(+/-)vector and construct the expression vector of pGEX-4T-3/hGLP-1cDNA to express GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein. Methods: The hGLP-1 cDNA was constructed by 6 synthetic oligonucleotides fragments, followed by the procedure of annealing and ligation with oligonucleotides fragments. The hGLP-1 cDNA was cloned into the pBS SK(+/-) vector, and was selected by α-complementation. It was confirmed by DNA sequening, then inserted into the MCS of the fusion expression vector pGEX-4T-3. The recombinant vector was transformed into E. coli TG1. Results: The recombinant plasmid DNA was digested with restrictive endonuclease BamHⅠand XhoⅠ. The result demonstrated that the hGLP-1 cDNA was successfully inserted into the pGEX-4T-3 vector and fusion protein GST-hGLP-1 had been expressed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusion： Expression of GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein can provide foundation for obtaining a larger quantity of recombinant hGLP-1 for experimental and clinic studies.
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Objective: To clone hGLP-1 cDNA in the pBS SK(+/-)vector and construct the expression vector of pGEX-4T-3/hGLP-1cDNA to express GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein. Methods: The hGLP-1 cDNA was constructed by 6 synthetic oligonucleotides fragments, followed by the procedure of annealing and ligation with oligonucleotides fragments. The hGLP-1 cDNA was cloned into the pBS SK(+/-) vector, and was selected by α-complementation. It was confirmed by DNA sequening, then inserted into the MCS of the fusion expression vector pGEX-4T-3. The recombinant vector was transformed into E. coli TG1. Results: The recombinant plasmid DNA was digested with restrictive endonuclease BamHⅠand XhoⅠ. The result demonstrated that the hGLP-1 cDNA was successfully inserted into the pGEX-4T-3 vector and fusion protein GST-hGLP-1 had been expressed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusion： Expression of GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein can provide foundation for obtaining a larger quantity of recombinant hGLP-1 for experimental and clinic studies.
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Objective:To study the practical value and imaging expression of target reconstruction technique of HRCT in the diagnosis of pneumoconiosis.Methods:Fifty-seven cases with different level type of pneumoconiosis were first examined by routine CT scan,followed by HRCT examination at top of aortic arch,carina of trachea,3 cm below bifurcation of bronchi,and 2 cm above thd right diaphragm.Target reconstruction have been finished using the raw data stored.Results:Target reconstruction photoimages were cleared to display the morphology of delicate lesions of pneumoconiosis:(1)Nodular shape(100%).(2)Interlobular septal thickening(98.24%).(3)Lobular structure abnormality(98.24%).(4)Subpleural nodes (84.21%).(5)Centrilobular emphysema(63.15%).(6)Subpleural line(64.91%).(7)Bronchiectasis(63.15%).(8)Ground-glass opacity(35.08%).(9)Honeycombing(15.78%),and to display earlier period change details.Conclusion:HRCT target reconstruction technique may make lesion dispaly more detail than comventional and high-resblution CT.It is reliable to display the delicate lesions of pneumoconiosis and provide more diagnostic information.
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Objective: To clone hGLP-1 cDNA in the pBS SK(+/-)vector and construct the expression vector of pGEX-4T-3/hGLP-1cDNA to express GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein. Methods: The hGLP-1 cDNA was constructed by 6 synthetic oligonucleotides fragments, followed by the procedure of annealing and ligation with oligonucleotides fragments. The hGLP-1 cDNA was cloned into the pBS SK(+/-) vector, and was selected by α-complementation. It was confirmed by DNA sequening, then inserted into the MCS of the fusion expression vector pGEX-4T-3. The recombinant vector was transformed into E. coli TG1. Results: The recombinant plasmid DNA was digested with restrictive endonuclease BamHⅠand XhoⅠ. The result demonstrated that the hGLP-1 cDNA was successfully inserted into the pGEX-4T-3 vector and fusion protein GST-hGLP-1 had been expressed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusion： Expression of GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein can provide foundation for obtaining a larger quantity of recombinant hGLP-1 for experimental and clinic studies.
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10% and 20% HRP aqueous solution was injected into the anterior wall of the stomach of rabbit, and both the afferent and efferent nerve connections of this region were examined.1. Large number of labeled cells appeared in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus nerve (dmnX) on both sides throughout its whole length, except the very rostral and caudal ends of it. The labeled cells were more numerous in the middle part of the nucleus at levels above and below the obex. The distribution of the labeled cells showed certain localization characteristics. Those in the caudal part of the nucleus occupied the medial portion, those in the levels around the obex distributed widely in the nucleus, while in the rostral part they were smaller in number and showed no definite localization.2. In the area between the dorsomedial border of the dmnX and the area pos- trema, the so-called area subpostrema, some disseminated labeled cells, the form of which was similar to that the labeled cells in the dmnX, were also observed.3. Numerous labeled cells appeared in the nodose ganglia on both sides, the number of which was several times more than that in the spinal ganglia, indicating that the afferent connection of the stomach via the vagus nerve predominated over that via the sympathetic nerve. The small-sized labeled cells in the ganglion, however, appeared up to more than 40% of all the labeled cells in it, the functional significance of them, as well as the relation between them and the labeled small cells in the spinal ganglia, is worth further investigation.4. The labeled neurons appeared in the spinal ganglia from Th_3 to L_3, most of them were in Th_3 to Th_(10), showing that the afferents of the stomach via the sympathetic system were diffusely arranged and at the same time concentrated in certain segments.5. Our observations confirmed that the stomach is innervated by elements of bilateral origin. In the vagus system the afferent and efferent neurons appeared almost equally in both dmnX and both nodose ganglia. And in the sympathetic system, the afferent neurons on the left side were 1 to 2 times more than those on the right, i. e., the left side is predominant.